
The held sway into the early ; from the late 16th century onward it was gradually replaced as the consensus description by the . Geocentrism as a separate religious belief, however, never completely died out. In the between 1870 and 1920, for example, various members of the published articles disparaging and promoting geocentrism. Howeve.

In , Kepler's laws of planetary motion, published by absent the third law in 1609 and fully in 1619, describe the orbits of planets around the Sun. These laws replaced and in the of with and explained how planetary velocities vary. The three laws state that: